Wichtige Unix und MS-DOS Befehle

Unix Commands!	Rechte für Unix User	Remote Connection Commands	Internet Protocoll Numbers!	[Guter Link]	[Telefonbuch]

A little summary of Unix Commands

Command/Syntax	What it will do
awk/nawk [options] file	scan for patterns in a file and process the results
cat [options] file	concatenate (list) a file
cd [directory]	change directory
chgrp [options] group file	change the group of the file
chmod [options] file	change file or directory access permissions
chown [options] owner file	change the ownership of a file; can only be done by the superuser
chsh (passwd -e/-s) username login_shell	change the user's login shell (often only by the superuser)
cmp [options] file1 file2	compare two files and list where differences occur (text or binary files)
compress [options] file	compress file and save it as file.Z
cp [options] file1 file2	copy file1 into file2; file2 shouldn't already exist. This command creates or overwrites file2.
cut (options) [file(s)]	cut specified field(s)/character(s) from lines in file(s)
date [options]	report the current date and time
dd [if=infile] [of=outfile] [operand=value]	copy a file, converting between ASCII and EBCDIC or swapping byte order, as specified
diff [options] file1 file2	compare the two files and display the differences (text files only)
df [options] [resource]	report the summary of disk blocks and inodes free and in use
du [options] [directory or file]	report amount of disk space in use
echo [text string]	echo the text string to stdout
ed or ex [options] file	Unix line editors
emacs [options] file	full-screen editor
expr arguments	evaluate the arguments. Used to do arithmetic, etc. in the shell.
file [options] file	classify the file type
find directory [options] [actions]	find files matching a type or pattern
finger [options] user[@hostname]	report information about users on local and remote machines
ftp [options] host	transfer file(s) using file transfer protocol
grep [options] 'search string' argument egrep [options] 'search string' argument fgrep [options] 'search string' argument	search the argument (in this case probably a file) for all occurrences of the search string, and list them.
gzip [options] file gunzip [options] file zcat [options] file	compress or uncompress a file. Compressed files are stored with a .gz ending
head [-number] file	display the first 10 (or number of) lines of a file
hostname	display or set (super-user only) the name of the current machine
kill [options] [-SIGNAL] [pid#] [%job]	send a signal to the process with the process id number (pid#) or job control number (%n). The default signal is to kill the process.
ln [options] source_file target	link the source_file to the target
lpq [options] lpstat [options]	show the status of print jobs
lpr [options] file lp [options] file	print to defined printer
lprm [options] cancel [options]	remove a print job from the print queue
ls [options] [directory or file]	list directory contents or file permissions
mail [options] [user] mailx [options] [user] Mail [options] [user]	simple email utility available on Unix systems. Type a period as the first character on a new line to send message out, question mark for help.
man [options] command	show the manual (man) page for a command
mkdir [options] directory	make a directory
more [options] file less [options] file pg [options] file	page through a text file
mv [options] file1 file2	move file1 into file2
od [options] file	octal dump a binary file, in octal, ASCII, hex, decimal, or character mode.
passwd [options]	set or change your password
paste [options] file	paste field(s) onto the lines in file
pr [options] file	filter the file and print it on the terminal
ps [options]	show status of active processes
pwd	print working (current) directory
rcp [options] hostname	remotely copy files from this machine to another machine
rlogin [options] hostname	login remotely to another machine
rm [options] file	remove (delete) a file or directory (-r recursively deletes the directory and its contents) (-i prompts before removing file
rmdir [options] directory	remove a directory
rsh [options] hostname	remote shell to run on another machine
script file	saves everything that appears on the screen to file until exit is executed
sed [options] file	stream editor for editing files from a script or from the command line
sort [options] file	sort the lines of the file according to the options chosen
source file . file	read commands from the file and execute them in the current shell. source: C shell, .: Bourne shell.
strings [options] file	report any sequence of 4 or more printable characters ending in <NL> or <NULL>. Usually used to search binary files for ASCII strings.
stty [options]	set or display terminal control options
tail [options] file	display the last few lines (or parts) of a file
tar key[options] [file(s)]	tape archiver--refer to man pages for details on creating, listing, and retrieving from archive files. Tar files can be stored on tape or disk.
tee [options] file	copy stdout to one or more files
telnet [host [port]]	communicate with another host using telnet protocol
touch [options] [date] file	create an empty file, or update the access time of an existing file
tr [options] string1 string2	translate the characters in string1 from stdin into those in string2 in stdout
uncompress file.Z	uncompress file.Z and save it as a file
uniq [options] file	remove repeated lines in a file
uudecode [file]	decode a uuencoded file, recreating the original file
uuencode [file] new_name	encode binary file to 7-bit ASCII, useful when sending via email, to be decoded as new_name at destination
vi [options] file	visual, full-screen editor
wc [options] [file(s)]	display word (or character or line) count for file(s)
whereis [options] command	report the binary, source, and man page locations for the command named
which command	reports the path to the command or the shell alias in use
who or w	report who is logged in and what processes are running
zcat file.Z	concatenate (list) uncompressed file to screen, leaving file compressed on disk

Rechte für Unix User

Pos.	...gibt Antwort auf die Frage:	Bsp.	Benutzer-/Gruppe: u für den Eigentümer g für die Gruppe, der die Datei angehört o für alle anderen Benutzer a für alle Benutzer des Systems Aktion: + für "Rechte hinzufügen" - für "Rechte entziehen" = für alle Rechte setzen Rechte: r für readable, lesbar w für writeable, beschreibbar x für executeable, ausführbar
1	Für directory (d) und für File (-) eingeben!	d, -	Directory: drwxr-xr-x File: -rw-rwxr-- chmod: change modus go: group and others Für das Ändern der Zugriffsrechte gibt es Möglichkeiten: chmod go-x Privat/, chmod go+rx Privat/, chmod 700 Privat/
2	Hat der Besitzer das Leserecht?	r	chmod -r--------
3	Hat der Besitzer das Schreibrecht?	w	chmod -rw-------
4	Hat der Besitzer die Ausführererlaubnis?	x	chmod -rwx------
5	Haben Leute der gleichen Benutzergruppe das Leserecht?	r	chmod -rwxr-----
6	Haben Leute der gleichen Benutzergruppe das Schreibrecht?	w	chmod -rwxrw----
7	Haben Leute der gleichen Benutzergruppe die Ausführerlaubnis?	x	chmod -rwxrwx---
8	Haben andere aussenstehende Personen das Leserecht?	r	chmod -rwxrwxr--
9	Haben andere aussenstehende Personen das Schreibrecht?	w	chmod -rwxrwxrw-
10	Haben andere aussenstehende Personen die Ausführerlaubnis?	x	chmod -rwxrwxrwx

Remote Connection Commands

Command/Syntax	What it will do
finger[opions]user[@hostname	report information about users on local and remote machines
ftp[options]host	transfer file(s) using file transfer protocol
rcp[options]hostname	remotely copy files from this machine to another machine
rsh[options]hostname	remote shell to run on another machine
rlogin[options]hostname	login remotely to another machine
telnet[host[port]]	communicate with another host using telnet protocol

Internet Protocoll Numbers

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Protokoll Nr.	Kürzel	Protokoll Name
1	ICMP	Internet Control Message Protocol
2	IGMP	Internet Group Management Protocol
3	GGP	Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol
4	IP	IP in IP (encapsulation)
5	ST	Stream
6	TCP	Transmission Control Protocol
7	UCL	UCL
8	EGP	Exterior Gateway Protocol
9	IGP	any private interior gateway p.
10	BBN-RCC-MON	BBN RCC Monitoring
11	NVP-II	Network Voice Protocol
12	PUP	PUP
13	ARGUS	ARGUS
14	EMCON	EMCON
15	XNET	Cross Net Debugger
16	CHAOS	Chaos
17	UDP	User Datagram Protocol
18	MUX	Multiplexing
19	DCN-MEAS	DCN Measurement Subsystems
20	HMP	Host Monitoring Protocol
21	PRM	Packet Radio Measurement
22	XNS-IDP	XEROX NS IDP
23	TRUNK-1	Trunk-1
24	TRUNK-2	Trunk-2
25	LEAF-1	Leaf-1
26	LEAF-2	Leaf-2
27	RDP	Reliable Data Protocol
28	IRTP	Internet Reliable Transaction P.
29	ISO-TP4	ISO Transport Protocol Class 4
30	NETBLT	Bulk Data Transfer Protocol
31	MFE-NSP	MFE Network Services Protocol
32	MERIT-INP	MERIT Internodal Protocol
33	SEP	Sequential Exchange Protocol
34	3PC	Third Party Connect Protocol
35	IDPR	Inter-Domain Policy Routing Protocol
36	XTP	XTP
37	DDP	Datagram Delivery Protocol
38	IDPR-CMTP	IDPR Control Message Transport Protocol
39	TP++	TP++ Transport
40	IL	IL Transport Protocol
41	SIP	Simple Internet Protocol
42	SDRP	Source Demand Routing Protocol
43	SIP-SR	SIP Source Route
44	SIP-FRAG	SIP Fragment
45	IDRP	Inter-Domain Routing Protocol
46	RSVP	Reservation Protocol
47	GRE	General Routing Encapsulation
48	MHRP	Mobile Host Routing Protocol
49	BNA	BNA
50	SIPP-ESP	SIPP Encap Security Payload
51	SIPP-AH	SIPP Authentication Header
52	I-NLSP	Integrated Net Layer Security Protocol
53	SWIPE	IP with Encryption
54	NHRP	NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol
55-60		Unassigned
61		any host internal protocol
62	CFTP	CFTP
63		any local network
64	SAT-EXPAK	SATNET and Backroom EXPAK
65	KRYPTOLAN	Kryptolan
66	RVD	MIT Remote Virtual Disk Protocol
67	IPPC	Internet Pluribus Packet Core
68		any distributed file system
69	SAT-MON	SATNET Monitoring
70	VISA	VISA Protocol
71	IPCV	Internet Packet Core Utility
72	CPNX	Computer Protocol Network Executive
73	CPHB	Computer Protocol Heart Beat
74	WSN	Wang Span Network
75	PVP	Packet Video Protocol
76	BR-SAT-MON	Backroom SATNET Monitoring
77	SUN-ND	SUN ND PROTOCOL-Temporary
78	WB-MON	WIDEBAND Monitoring
79	WB-EXPAK	WIDEBAND EXPAK
80	ISO-IP	ISO Internet Protocol
81	VMTP	VMTP
82	SECURE-VMTP	SECURE-VMTP
83	VINES	VINES
84	TTP	TTP
85	NSFNET-IGP	NSFNET-IGP
86	DGP	Dissimilar Gateway Protocol
87	TCF	TCF
88	IGRP	IGRP
89	OSPFIGP	OSPFIGP
90	Sprite-RPC	Sprite RPC Protocol
91	LARP	Locus Address Resolution Protocol
92	MTP	Multicast Transport Protocol
93	AX.25	AX.25 Frames
94	IPIP	IP-within-IP Encapsulation Protocol
95	MICP	Mobile Internetworking Control Protocol
96	SCC-SP	Semaphore Communications Sec. Protocol
97	ETHERIP	Ethernet-within-IP Encapsulation
98	ENCAP	Encapsulation Header
99		any private encryption scheme
100	GMTP	GMTP
101-254		Unassigned
255		Reserved

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